In a move to bolster their longstanding alliance, President Xi Jinping and Russian President Vladimir Putin have agreed to extend the China-Russia Treaty of Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation. The decision comes amidst a dynamic and unpredictable global landscape, as both leaders emphasize enhancing political trust, strategic alignment, and practical collaboration. The agreement was finalized during Putin’s state visit to China, culminating in discussions at Beijing’s Great Hall of the People. Following their talks, the two presidents signed a joint statement aimed at deepening their comprehensive strategic partnership and witnessed the signing of 20 cooperation documents in fields such as economy, education, and technology.
This year marks significant anniversaries in China-Russia relations: the 30th anniversary of their strategic partnership and the 25th anniversary of the treaty itself. Xi highlighted that over the past three decades, the bilateral ties have ascended to unprecedented heights, serving as a model for major-country relations. The treaty, initially extended in June 2021, is grounded in principles of non-alliance, nonconfrontation, and a focus on equality and mutual respect. Both nations have played key roles in promoting international justice and a new form of international relations, providing stability amid global uncertainties.
Xi and Putin’s discussions also touched upon global governance, with Xi underscoring the need for China and Russia, as permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, to uphold the UN’s authority and combat unilateral actions and historical revisionism. Emphasizing the importance of a multipolar world and equitable global governance, Xi called for joint efforts to oppose the revival of fascism and militarism. Putin echoed these sentiments, lauding the unprecedented level of Russia-China relations and expressing confidence in their future trajectory. He noted the self-sufficiency of their partnership, independent of the prevailing international climate.
Economic cooperation between the two countries has seen substantial growth, with bilateral trade exceeding $200 billion annually for the past three years. Xi stressed the importance of further aligning China’s 15th Five-Year Plan with Russia’s development strategy through 2030 to enhance mutually beneficial cooperation. The leaders also discussed expanding collaboration in trade, energy, transportation, and scientific innovation to drive new growth engines. Cultural exchanges remain a priority, with initiatives to deepen ties in education, culture, and sports, thereby reinforcing public support for their bilateral friendship.
Additionally, both nations have extended their visa-free policies for each other’s citizens until the end of 2027. During their discussions, Xi and Putin also addressed pressing international and regional issues, notably the situation in the Middle East. Xi called for an immediate end to hostilities, stressing the importance of negotiations to maintain regional stability and ensure the continuity of energy supplies and trade. The visit concluded with a welcoming banquet in honor of Putin, underscoring the cordial ties between the two leaders and their nations.