Japan’s political landscape is experiencing a notable shift towards conservatism under Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi, posing new challenges for its relations with South Korea. This shift is fueling concerns that longstanding historical and territorial disputes may hinder recent diplomatic efforts between the two nations. Traditionally, South Korea and Japan have maintained a “two-track” strategy, which involves separating contentious historical matters from areas where cooperation is crucial, such as security and economic issues. However, a recent report from South Korea’s Institute for National Security Strategy highlights that Japan’s political instability and rightward drift might impede the progress in this bilateral diplomacy.
Recent months have seen tensions flare up again due to actions such as visits by Japanese politicians to the contentious Yasukuni Shrine, as well as Japan’s revival of territorial claims over Dokdo. This territory is under South Korean control, although Japan refers to it as Takeshima. Prime Minister Takaichi refrained from visiting the Yasukuni Shrine during the anniversary of Japan’s World War II surrender on August 15 but did offer a ritual tribute. Nevertheless, the visit by several senior Japanese officials to the shrine triggered formal protests from South Korea.
South Korean President Lee Jae Myung has responded with a more balanced approach, acknowledging historical grievances while underlining the importance of cooperation with Japan. His stance reflects a recognition of the need to manage historical tensions without derailing progress in other collaborative areas. Experts caution that unless tangible progress is made in resolving historical and territorial disputes, the “two-track” strategy might falter. These disputes, if left unchecked, could undermine efforts to expand practical cooperation between the two countries.
The delicate balance between addressing historical issues and advancing mutual interests remains a key challenge for both nations. As Japan continues to navigate its conservative trajectory, it remains to be seen how diplomatic relations with South Korea will evolve. Both countries face the task of ensuring that their partnership can withstand political shifts while promoting stability and collaboration in the region. The outcome of this complex diplomatic dance will likely have significant implications for their future bilateral relations.